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Epilogue
A well-appearing infant with a sudden anisocoria
  1. Alessia Giuseppina Servidio1,
  2. Francesca Peri2,
  3. Andrew Tenore3,
  4. Laura Cesca3,
  5. Laura Diplotti4,
  6. Roberto Dall'Amico3,
  7. Egidio Barbi1,4
  1. 1 Clinical Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy
  2. 2 Pediatrics, Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy
  3. 3 Pediatric department, AAS 5 Ospedale di Santa Maria degli Angeli di Pordenone, Pordenone, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy
  4. 4 Pediatric department, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy
  1. Correspondence to Dr Alessia Giuseppina Servidio, Clinical Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34149, Italy; servidioalessiag{at}gmail.com

Abstract

Case presentation A 10-month-old boy was admitted to the emergency department due to a sudden onset of left unilateral mydriasis (figure 1). His medical history was unremarkable. A minor head trauma 2 days before was reported, without alarming signs or symptoms. His mother was putting him to sleep, after coming back from work, when she noticed a different pupil size and promptly went to the ED with her husband. The parents denied any use of medications, including nebulised therapy or direct contact with plants. The child was well appearing and his vital signs were within the standard age limits. His extraocular motility was normal as well as the rest of his neurological and physical examination. Parents’ behaviour was somehow remarkable. Even though the child was not suffering, the mother seemed very worried while the father was nervous and aggressive, repeatedly asking for a discharge.

Figure 1
Figure 1

Left unilateral mydriasis.

Questions

  1. What is the most likely diagnosis based on this clinical presentation?

    1. Local contact with a mydriatic substance

    2. Intracerebral haemorrhage

    3. Brain tumour

    4. Third nerve palsy

  2. What would be the next step in the investigation to confirm this diagnosis?

    1. Brain CT

    2. Brain MRI

    3. Fundus oculi examination

    4. Toxicological screening of urine

  3. How is this condition managed, and what is the prognosis?

Questions Answers can be found on page XX

  • toxicology
  • ophthalmology
  • child abuse

https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2020-319993

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    Footnotes

    • Contributors AGS, FP and EB conceptualised and drafted the initial manuscript and reviewed and revised the manuscript. RD, LD, AT and LC designed data collection instruments, coordinated and supervised data collection, and critically reviewed the manuscript. All authors approved the final manuscript as submitted and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

    • Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.