Background Long-term outcomes after multiple courses of rituximab among children with
frequently relapsing, steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (FRSDNS) are unknown …

Functional constipation is a common problem in otherwise healthy children. Children with
chronic kidney disease (CKD) and on dialysis have additional disease-related risk factors …

Background Primary steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) is thought to have either
genetic or immune-mediated aetiology. Knowing which children to screen for genetic causes …

Background In 2017, 966 children in the UK received long-term renal replacement therapy
(RRT) for established end-stage kidney disease (ESKD); 76% of whom had functioning …

Background Professionals working in pediatric transplantation commonly encounter
complex ethical dilemmas. Most ethical research in transplantation is related to adult …

We thank the authors of the letter “High prevalence of pathogenic variants in Japanese
children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome without edema detected by urine …

Abstract Background Renovascular hypertension (RenoVH) is a cause of hypertension in
children. A common cause of RenoVH is renal artery stenosis which acts by reducing blood …

Background. The emergence and attendant mortality of vaccine-induced immune
thrombocytopenia and thrombosis (VITT) as a consequence of vaccination against severe …

Lithium toxicity in a neonate can occur owing to antenatal exposure as a result of maternal
treatment for psychiatric illnesses. False elevation of lithium levels has been reported in the …

Background 3D printing has been used in different medical contexts, although it is
underutilised in paediatrics. We present the first use of 3D printing in the management of …