Surgical procedures
| Procedure | Risks |
|---|---|
| Re-routing submandibular/parotid ducts | Ranulae (cysts in base of mouth), sialoceles (saliva-filled subcutaneous cavities) |
| Dental caries | |
| Aspiration of saliva | |
| Ligation of parotid ducts | Sialoceles |
| Excision of submandibular glands | Dental caries |
| External scarring |
Often, these last two are performed in conjunction