Table 2

 Points in the history and examination suggestive of alternative diagnosis

HistoryExamination
CoughEar, nose and throat infection
• SeverityNasal polyps
• Time courseChest deformities
• Diurnal variabilityAbnormal chest auscultation
• Associated coldEvidence of atopy
• Relation to mealsFailure to thrive
• SputumDigital clubbing
• WheezeDeviation of the growth curve
• Age of onsetAsk the child to perform his/her usual cough and examine for features in table 4 and presence of wet cough
Fever
Upper airway symptoms
Foreign body aspiration
Habitual vomiting
Contact with tuberculosis or HIV
Smoking behaviour of parents
Possible allergies
Immunisation status
Swallowing abnormalities