Some important causes of confusional state or delirium
| Category | Examples |
|---|---|
| Infectious | Meningitis |
| Encephalitis | |
| Parainfectious | Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis |
| Metabolic | Electrolyte imbalance |
| Inborn errors of metabolism | |
| Hypoxic | Hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy |
| Vascular | Stroke |
| Space-occupying lesion | Brain tumour |
| Toxic | Drug ingestion |
| Carbon monoxide poisoning | |
| Epileptic | Non-convulsive status epilepticus |
| Migraine | Basilar migraine |
| Immunological | Hashimoto's thyroiditis |
| Vasculitis | |
| Nutritional | Vitamin B12 deficiency |