PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Claire McGinn AU - Thomas Waterfield AU - Gareth McKeeman AU - Louise Morrison AU - Sinead Callaghan AU - Chris Watson AU - Frank A Casey TI - How to interpret cardiac biomarkers in children? AID - 10.1136/archdischild-2022-324466 DP - 2022 Nov 22 TA - Archives of disease in childhood - Education & practice edition PG - edpract-2022-324466 4099 - http://ep.bmj.com/content/early/2022/11/22/archdischild-2022-324466.short 4100 - http://ep.bmj.com/content/early/2022/11/22/archdischild-2022-324466.full AB - Cardiac biomarkers are used as first-line diagnostic tools in suspected myocardial injury and heart failure in adult patients. Their use in paediatric patients has been limited by variability caused by age, gender and the presence of an underlying congenital cardiac condition. There are established reference ranges for both NT-proBNP and troponin in healthy children, but these cannot be applied to all paediatric patients because of limited large studies focusing on children with congenital heart disease and/or cardiomyopathy.This article will focus on the pathophysiology of myocardial injury and heart failure in children and the subsequent cardiac biomarker correlation. It will explain how to interpret the biomarker assay levels obtained for both troponin and NT-proBNP and highlights the importance of a clear clinical question prior to requesting a cardiac biomarker assay level.Clinical cases outline scenarios that may prompt consideration of biomarker analysis in children and aims to equip the reader with an understanding of how to interpret the results.