TY - JOUR T1 - Antibiotic prophylaxis reduced symptomatic urinary tract infection in children with vesicoureteral reflux, but not scarring JF - Archives of disease in childhood - Education & practice edition JO - Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed SP - 52 LP - 52 DO - 10.1136/archdischild-2014-307056 VL - 100 IS - 1 A2 - , Y1 - 2015/02/01 UR - http://ep.bmj.com/content/100/1/52.abstract N2 - Design: Randomised controlled trial. Allocation: Computer-generated permuted block stratified randomisation done by a centralised data-coordinating centre. Blinding: Caregivers as well as physicians were blinded. Setting: Nineteen sites in a variety of clinical settings in the USA. Patients: Six hundred and seven children, 2–71 months old, with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) grades I–IV, recruited after their first or second urinary tract infection (UTI). Intervention: Patients received either 3 mg/kg trimethoprim plus 15 mg/kg of sulfamethoxazole daily or an identical placebo. Outcomes: Primary outcomes were febrile or symptomatic recurrence of UTI. Urinary samples were collected by catheterisation, suprapubic aspiration, or clean catch. Secondary outcomes were renal scarring diagnosed by DMSA, antibiotic resistance, and a composite outcome of treatment … ER -