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Evidence-based medicine
Review: children <2 years of age with bilateral acute otitis media and children with otorrhoea benefit most from antibiotics

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    Rovers MM, Glasziou P, Appelman CL, et al. Antibiotics for acute otitis media: a meta-analysis with individual patient data. Lancet 2006;368:1429–35.
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    Q In children with acute otitis media (AOM), which subgroups of children benefit from treatment with antibiotics?

    Clinical impact ratings GP/FP/Primary care ★★★★★★☆ Infectious disease ★★★★★★☆ Surgery—ear nose throat ★★★★★★☆ Paediatrics ★★★★★☆☆

    METHODS

    Embedded ImageData sources:

    Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, and proceedings of international symposia.

    Embedded ImageStudy selection and assessment:

    randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared antibiotics with placebo or no treatment in children 0–12 years of age with AOM and assessed pain and fever. 6 RCTs (n = 1643, mean age 3.4 y [range 0–11], 50% boys) met the selection criteria, and the authors were willing to supply raw data. In a quality assessment based on …

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    Footnotes

    • For correspondence:
      Dr M M Rovers
      Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. M.Rovers{at}umcutrecht.nl

    • Sources of funding: Dutch College of General Practitioners and the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development.