In countries with good obstetric care brachial plexus injuries during delivery are uncommon with reported rates of <1–3 per 1000 births. Most are upper plexus lesions (C5–6, Erb’s palsy) and full recovery within weeks or months is the usual outcome. Lower plexus lesions (C8–T1, Klumpke’s palsy) are rare. In Sweden (

) 70 children with brachial plexus birth injuries, including 64 with persisting weakness, have been followed up to ages 7–20 years (mean 13.5 …