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Nineteen-month-old girl with persistent fever
  1. Pierluigi Marzuillo1,
  2. Stefano Guarino1,
  3. Maddalena Casale2,
  4. Anna Di Sessa1,
  5. Raffaella Golino1,
  6. Velia D’Angelo3,
  7. Giuseppe Menna4,
  8. Francesca Rossi3,
  9. Emanuele Miraglia del Giudice1,
  10. Silverio Perrotta2,3
  1. 1 Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Università degli Studi della Campania, Naples, Italy
  2. 2 Pediatric Hematology Unit, Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Università degli Studi della Campania, Naples, Italy
  3. 3 Pediatric Oncology Unit, Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Università degli Studi della Campania, Naples, Italy
  4. 4 Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale Santobono Pausilipon, Napoli, Italy
  1. Correspondence to Dr Pierluigi Marzuillo, Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania, Naples 80138, Italy; pierluigi.marzuillo{at}gmail.com

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Case report

A 19-month-old girl with right fourth-degree vesicoureteral reflux and left small non-functional kidney was admitted with a 6-day 39°C fever. She was receiving antibiotic prophylaxis (amoxicillin-clavulanate) for urinary tract infections (UTIs). At admission, she had been taking ciprofloxacin for 2 days due to leucocyturia and nitrites shown by the urine dipstick without urine culture test being done. She appeared pale and in pain, although the clinical examination was unremarkable. Refill time was of 2–3 s. Urine and blood cultures (while assuming ciprofloxacin) were sterile. Procalcitonin and C reactive protein were 5.7 ng/mL and 10.55 mg/dL, respectively. Ceftazidime was started. After 2 days, we observed splenomegaly, haemoglobin level reduction from 95 g/L to 72 g/L, platelet level reduction from 195 000 to 89 000/µL, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 466 U/L, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 572 U/L, ferritin 553 ng/mL, triglycerides 434 mg/dL and d-dimer 2377 µg/L. Due to the persistence of fever after 48 hours of ceftazidime, it was replaced by meropenem because of suspected lobar nephritis sustained …

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Footnotes

  • Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

  • Competing interests None declared.

  • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

  • Patient consent for publication Parental/guardian consent obtained.