Study design

Design: Randomised controlled trial.

Allocation: Randomised manually with stratification for gestational age.

Blinding: Unblinded.

Study question

Setting: A tertiary paediatric centre in New South Wales, Australia.

Patients: Infants presenting to the emergency department or paediatric ward with a diagnosis of moderately severe bronchiolitis who required oxygen therapy.

Intervention: Initial treatment with standard low flow or high flow (1 L/kg/min up to a maximum of 20 L/min), warm humidified oxygen.

Outcomes: Primary outcome was time to weaning off oxygen. Secondary outcomes were 24 hours event-free survival (ie, without treatment failure), proportion of serious events, transfer to ICU, length of stay and acceptability of treatment.

Follow-up period: 30 days post discharge.

Main results

The results …