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Breast disorders of the newborn
  1. Enrico Valerio1,
  2. Silvia Palatron1,
  3. Valentina Vanzo1,
  4. Silvia Vendramin1,
  5. Mario Cutrone2
  1. 1Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, ‘Pietro Cosma’ Hospital, Camposampiero (Padova), Italy
  2. 2Pediatric Dermatology Unit, ‘Dell'Angelo’ Hospital, Mestre (Venice), Italy
  1. Correspondence to Dr Enrico Valerio, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, ‘Pietro Cosma’ Hospital 35012, Camposampiero (Padova), Italy; enrico.valerio.md{at}gmail.com

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Which would be the most likely diagnosis for each image based on the cases below:

  1. Physiological breast enlargement

  2. Subcutaneous fat necrosis

  3. Neonatal mastitis

  4. Breast abscess

  5. Nipple capillary haemangioma

  6. Naevus flammeus of the nipple

  7. Port wine stain of the nipple

  8. Nipple eczema

  9. Pityriasis versicolor

Patient 1

A 13-day-old term infant was evaluated for bilateral breast enlargement; no tenderness or discharge was evident (figure 1A).

Figure 1

The rest of the physical examination and laboratory were unremarkable. The patient remained well and thriving at regular follow-up; the appearances had completely regressed by 6 weeks.

Patient 2

A term female infant was admitted to hospital at 7 days of life for fever (body temperature 38.2°C) and a swollen right breast with erythematous periareolar skin (figure 1B). The patient was slightly miserable on evaluation; the rest of the physical examination was normal.

Patient 3

A 1-month-old girl was evaluated for a left nipple lesion which had evolved over the previous 2 weeks: the mother described gradual development of sparse similar smaller lesions over the areolar region, which had coalesced (figure 1C). The remaining physical examination was normal and she had a normal newborn examination.

Patient 4

A normal male term newborn was evaluated at 1 month of age for a right nipple lesion with reddish, desquamated areolar and …

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Footnotes

  • Contributors EV wrote the first draft of the manuscript. SP, VV and SV contributed to the critical revision of the manuscript. MC obtained the iconographic documentation and contributed to the critical revision of the manuscript.

  • Competing interests None declared.

  • Patient consent Parental/guardian consent obtained.

  • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.