TY - JOUR T1 - US guidelines for the prevention of peanut allergy 2017 JF - Archives of disease in childhood - Education & practice edition JO - Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed DO - 10.1136/archdischild-2017-313094 SP - edpract-2017-313094 AU - Ru-Xin Foong AU - Helen A Brough AU - Susan Chan AU - Adam T Fox Y1 - 2017/11/24 UR - http://ep.bmj.com/content/early/2017/11/24/archdischild-2017-313094.abstract N2 - This review is of the ‘Addendum guidelines for the prevention of peanut allergy in the United States: report of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases–sponsored expert panel’. We aim to summarise the key recommendations for the prevention of peanut allergy (PA) for general paediatricians to use in their day-to-day practice.The prevalence of PA has risen significantly across the developed world over the past few decades, with a recent estimate of around 2% among UK children.1 Severe reactions to peanut are rare, but PA remains a leading cause of fatal food-related anaphylaxis. While there have been important advances in peanut desensitisation, primary prevention remains the most attractive strategy for addressing this rise.The guideline outlines current recommendations on the prevention of PA in infants at various risk levels in the USA. The guideline was developed by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases alongside 25 professional organisations, federal agencies and patient advocacy groups and was overseen by an expert panel of 26 members. It was published in September 2016 following a landmark clinical trial suggesting that early introduction of peanut to infants can help prevent the development of PA2 (box 1).Box 1 Resourceshttp://www.jacionline.org/article/S0091-6749(16)31222-2/fulltext Link to full guideline: Addendum guidelines for the prevention of peanut allergy in the United States: report of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases-sponsored expert panelLearning Early About Peanut (LEAP) studyWebsite: http://www.leapstudy.co.uk/Link to full text: http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1414850#t=articleEnquiring About Tolerance (EAT) studyWebsite: http://www.eatstudy.co.uk/Link to full text: http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1514210#t=articleA previous national guideline for the diagnosis and management of food allergy in the USA was published in December 2010.3 This guideline did not offer any specific strategies for the prevention of food allergies due to a lack of evidence from studies at the time. It did state that … ER -