GUIDELINE REVIEW
Hypercholesterolaemia in children guidelines review
1 Plymouth, UK
2 Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK
Correspondence to:
J H Baumer; harry@luson.plus.com
| The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below. |
Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is an important autosomal dominant cause of early-onset atheroma and coronary artery disease. Most affected individuals are heterozygotes, with an estimated population frequency of 1 in 500, and have one affected parent. Much more rarely, children may be homozygous, with an estimated frequency of 1 in a million, and with two affected parents. The development of more effective treatments for this condition have raised questions about the optimum timing of initiation of treatment and therefore of targeted investigations in children.
In addition, the rising rate of obesity in adults and children is associated with an increasing risk of cardiovascular disease in those without a family history of hypercholesterolaemia. Early identification of those children with both obesity and raised cholesterol levels could help to modify subsequent cardiovascular risk. In the USA, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has updated its guidance on cholesterol in childhood.1 It advocates including
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